The effect of the training provided to primiparous pregnant women based on the model on pregnancy risk perception and health literacy.

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of health education based on the health belief model (HBM) on the perception of risk in pregnancy and health literacy in primiparous pregnant women to maintain and improve their health. The study was carried out with 82 pregnant women who were in the second trimester. The number of samples was calculated using the G-Power program version 3.1.7. The number of samples was found 44 for the education group and 44 for the control group with a confidence interval of 95 percent, a margin of error of 5 percent, a large Cohen d effect size value (0.5), and a power of 80 percent. Randomization was performed using the envelope method to determine the interventional and control groups. The training prepared in line with the SIM was presented to the participants in the education group. 2 sessions per week, a total of 4 times. "Personal Information Form," Health Literacy Scale (HLS), and Perception of Pregnancy Risk Questionnaire (PPRQ) were used as data collection tools. The mean of the risk perception of the pregnant toward the baby posttest score was 9.95 ± 13.30 in the education group, and 23.35 ± 21.41 in the control group (p = .001). The mean health literacy scale posttest score was 103.52 ± 19.77 in the education group and 93.5 ± 19.02 in the control group, and it was found to be statistically significantly higher in the health literacy education group than in the control group (p = .027). This study found that educating pregnant women using the health belief model reduces their risk perception and boosts their degree of health literacy.

Adaptation of the Prenatal Comfort Scale into Turkish: A Validity and Reliability Study.

AIM: This study aims to test the validity and the reliability of the Turkish version of the Prenatal Comfort Scale. METHOD: The sample of this methodological study included 260 pregnant women presenting to a prenatal screening outpatient clinic. The Prenatal Comfort Scale included 15 items and 5 subscales. Internal consistency analysis, item-total score correlations, and confirmatory factor analysis with Lisrel (8.51) were used to test the reliability of the scale. RESULTS: The internal consistency Cronbach's alpha value was .86 for the Prenatal Comfort Scale and .78, .79, .82, .69, and .60 for the subscales. The item-total score correlation coefficients ranged from .32 to .66 (r = .32-.66). A factor analysis was made to evaluate consistency between the Turkish version of the scale and the original scale. The second item loaded on interacting with fetal movements in the original scale was found to load on recognizing changes during pregnancy in the Turkish version of the scale. CONCLUSION: The Turkish version of the Prenatal Comfort Scale was found to have sufficient compatibility. It is also a valid and reliable scale.

The adaptation of the Postpartum-Specific Anxiety Scale into the Turkish language.

Background: The Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS) is used as a descriptive instrument to measure anxiety. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the PSAS. Study Design: The study is of methodological design. Methods: The study was conducted with 360 women who had given birth four months ago and presented at a Family Health Center. The validity analysis of the data was performed using the content validity index, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, Pearson's Moments Multiplication Correlation and Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient of Reliability. Correlation analysis, Cronbach's alpha analysis, and exploratory/confirmatory factor analysis were used in the evaluation of the data. Results: To assess the consistency of the scale over time, test-retest measurements were taken in a two-week interval. In the analysis of the internal consistency of the PSAS, Cronbach's alpha coefficient of reliability was .90 for maternal competence and attachment anxieties, .89 for infant safety and welfare anxieties, .83 for practical infant care anxieties, .83 for psychosocial adjustment to motherhood, and .94 for the overall scale. Conclusion: Our study has demonstrated that the Turkish version of the scale is a valid and reliable tool to use.

The effects of psychoeducation based on the cognitive-behavioral approach on premenstrual syndrome symptoms: A randomized controlled trial.

PURPOSE: The present study investigated the effects of psychoeducation based on a cognitive-behavioral approach on premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms in young adult women. DESIGN AND METHODS: The study was performed as a randomized controlled trial. The sample size was identified as 90 (45 intervention group/45 control group) students. The psychoeducation intervention consisted of five sessions performed over a 4-week period. FINDINGS: There was a significant difference between the pretest and posttest total mean scores of the intervention group that received psychoeducation (P < .05). There was also a significant difference in depressive thoughts, irritability, and fatigue mean scores between the two groups (P < .05). PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The use of this approach and its inclusion in nursing care interventions is recommended to reduce PMS symptoms in young adult women.

The effects of acupressure and foot massage on pain during heel lancing in neonates: A randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of foot massage and acupressure on pain during heel lancing in neonates. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was performed in a university hospital in Turkey between February and December 2018. The neonates were randomized into three groups as acupressure, massage, and control groups. Acupressure was applied to the neonates in the acupressure group, and massage was given to the neonates in the massage group for 2 min before the heel lancing procedure. Pain responses of the neonates in the groups was evaluated with the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale during and 1 min after the heel lancing procedure. RESULTS: The study was completed with 139 neonates including 46 neonates in the acupressure group, 47 neonates in the foot massage group, and 46 neonates in the control group. There were statistically significant differences between the acupressure, massage and control groups in terms of their mean NIPS scores during (4.30 ±â€¯2.25, 3.95 ±â€¯2.63, 6.04 ±â€¯1.26; respectively) and 1 min after the heel lancing procedure (1.46 ±â€¯1.46, 1.66 ±â€¯1.66, 3.85 ±â€¯1.37; respectively). There was a significant difference in NIPS scores between the intervention groups and the control groups (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Acupressure and massage were effective in reducing pain in neonates during the heel lancing procedure. However, there was no statistically significant difference between acupressure and massage. Acupressure and massage techniques can be applied for procedural pain management in the newborn.

Do university students' personality traits affect their attitudes towards gender roles?

PURPOSE: Attitudes of individuals towards gender roles may be affected by their experiences such as personality traits. This study is to identify the relationship between university students' personality traits and their attitudes towards gender roles. DESIGN AND METHODS: This cross-sectional was conducted with 301 university students between November 2018 and January 2019. FINDINGS: The students who had introverted personality traits had traditional attitudes according to the egalitarian gender role subscale (P < 0.05). Students who had neurotic personality trait had more traditional attitudes according to the female, marriage, traditional, and male gender role subscales (P < 0.05). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: It may be advisable to enable students with an introverted and neurotic personality to develop an egalitarian attitude towards gender roles through women health nursing and psychiatric nursing studies.